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CR-1 visa
A Pathway to Conditional Permanent Residency for Spouses of U.S. Citizens
The CR-1 Visa, or Conditional Resident Spouse Immigrant Visa, allows a foreign-born spouse of a U.S. citizen to immigrate to the United States and obtain a two-year conditional green card.
It is specifically designed for couples who have been married for less than two years at the time of visa approval, ensuring that the marriage is genuine before granting full permanent residency.
At SJKP LLP, our CR-1 Visa Practice helps couples navigate the entire immigration process—from petition and consular interview to conditional status removal.
We combine legal precision with compassionate guidance, ensuring that each family is protected and united under U.S. law.
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1. CR-1 Visa Overview
Permanent Residency Through a Conditional Marriage-Based Process
The CR-1 visa falls under the “Immediate Relative” category of U.S. immigration law.
It provides a direct route to lawful permanent residence for the spouse of a U.S. citizen, but with a two-year conditional period if the marriage is still new.
This conditional period ensures that the relationship is legitimate and ongoing before permanent residency is granted.
Key Benefits of the CR-1 Visa
- - Allows entry as a lawful permanent resident from the moment of U.S. arrival.
- No need for a temporary visa or separate adjustment of status process.
- Includes eligibility for a Social Security Number, employment authorization, and travel freedom.
- Serves as the first step toward naturalization for eligible spouses.
SJKP LLP guides couples through each stage, helping to build a strong, credible record of their marriage and shared life.
CR-1 vs. IR-1 Visa
| Visa Type | Marriage Length | Green Card Validity | Additional Step Required |
|---|---|---|---|
| CR-1 | Less than 2 years | 2 years (conditional) | I-751 petition to remove conditions |
| IR-1 | 2 years or more | 10 years (permanent) | None |
Our attorneys help determine the appropriate visa category and prepare for the transition from CR-1 to IR-1 status after the conditional period.
2. CR-1 Visa Proces
From Petition Filing to U.S. Entry as a Conditional Resident
Obtaining a CR-1 visa involves several procedural stages, requiring accuracy and consistency across all documentation and interviews.
Step 1: Filing Form I-130 (Petition for Alien Relative)
The U.S. citizen spouse must first file Form I-130 with USCIS, establishing the legitimacy of the marital relationship.
Once approved, the petition moves to the National Visa Center (NVC) for further document review and case creation.
We assist petitioners with assembling evidence—marriage certificates, photos, correspondence, and joint financial records—to prove the marriage’s authenticity and avoid unnecessary delays.
Step 2: National Visa Center (NVC) Processing
At this stage, the following must be submitted:
- - Form DS-260 (Online Immigrant Visa Application)
- Form I-864 (Affidavit of Support) to prove financial stability
- Civil documents (birth certificates, marriage license, police clearances)
SJKP LLP ensures compliance with all NVC requirements and prepares couples for the next phase: the consular interview.
Step 3: Consular Interview and Medical Exam
The foreign spouse will attend an interview at the U.S. consulate or embassy in their country of residence.
During the interview, officers assess whether the marriage is genuine and ongoing.
Our firm provides interview preparation and conducts mock sessions, helping applicants answer confidently and consistently.
3. Approval and Entry to the U.S. on a CR-1 Visa
Becoming a Conditional Permanent Resident
Upon approval, the foreign spouse receives a CR-1 immigrant visa.
After entering the U.S., they automatically become a lawful permanent resident with a two-year conditional green card.
This card serves as proof of status and authorization to work and travel freely within the United States.
Responsibilities During Conditional Residence
During the two-year conditional period, couples must:
- - Continue to live together as spouses.
- Maintain shared financial and household responsibilities.
- Avoid criminal activity or long absences abroad that could jeopardize residency.
SJKP LLP provides ongoing compliance support, ensuring clients are well-prepared for the next major step—removing conditions.
Removing Conditions with Form I-751
To convert conditional status to permanent residency, couples must jointly file Form I-751 (Petition to Remove Conditions on Residence)
within 90 days before the second anniversary of receiving the green card.
We assist clients in compiling updated evidence of marital life, such as tax returns, joint leases, birth certificates of children, and photos.
If the marriage ends before the two-year period, we help clients pursue waiver-based I-751 petitions supported by proof of good faith marriage and eligibility under USCIS rules.
4. Legal Challenges and Common Issues in CR-1 Visa Cases
Protecting Couples from Fraud Allegations and Delays
While the CR-1 visa is intended for genuine marriages, it is also closely scrutinized by immigration authorities.
Marriage Fraud Investigations
USCIS and consular officers frequently investigate for fraudulent or convenience marriages.
Any inconsistencies in documentation or testimony may trigger further review or denial.
Our attorneys ensure that all materials—photos, affidavits, and communication records—paint a clear, truthful portrait of your marriage.
Requests for Evidence (RFE) or 221(g) Holds
Applicants may receive RFEs requesting additional proof of relationship, income, or identity.
SJKP LLP responds promptly with comprehensive, organized evidence to minimize further delay.
Divorce or Separation During the Conditional Period
If a couple divorces or separates before removing conditions, the foreign spouse may still qualify for a waiver based on:
- - Proof of good-faith marriage, or
- Evidence of abuse or hardship.
We handle these sensitive cases with care, ensuring clients retain lawful status despite personal challenges.
5. After Receiving the CR-1 Visa<
Maintaining Residency and Transitioning to Permanent Status
After obtaining conditional residence, long-term compliance is crucial to avoid jeopardizing future immigration benefits.
Maintaining Lawful Permanent Residence
- - Reside primarily in the U.S. and avoid absences over six months.
- File U.S. taxes as a resident.
- Renew green cards and report address changes promptly.
Our attorneys advise clients on maintaining continuous residence to protect eligibility for future citizenship.
Transition to IR-1 and Naturalization
Once conditions are removed, the individual receives a 10-year permanent green card (IR-1).
After three years as a permanent resident—while married to a U.S. citizen—the spouse may apply for U.S. citizenship via Form N-400.
Future Family Petitions
New permanent residents may also sponsor certain family members, such as children or parents, once eligible.
We guide clients through these secondary sponsorships to help families remain united in the U.S.
6. Common Questions About the CR-1 Vi
Answers for Couples Beginning Their Marriage-Based Immigration Journey
Understanding the CR-1 Visa process can feel overwhelming, especially for couples navigating it for the first time.
Below are clear answers to some of the most frequently asked questions our clients bring to SJKP LLP.
What Is the Main Difference Between CR-1 and IR-1 Visas?
The CR-1 Visa applies to marriages that are less than two years old at the time of approval and grants a two-year conditional green card.
By contrast, the IR-1 Visa is for couples who have been married two years or longer and provides immediate permanent residency without conditions.
In essence, both lead to the same destination—lawful permanent residency—but through different timelines.
Can I Work and Travel on a CR-1 Green Card?<
Yes.
Once you enter the United States on a CR-1 visa, you automatically become a lawful permanent resident.
This means you may work and travel freely without needing an additional Employment Authorization Document (EAD) or advance parole.
What Happens If My Marriage Ends Before Filing Form I-751?
If the marriage ends before you remove conditions, you can still file Form I-751 individually by requesting a waiver of joint filing.
To qualify, you must show that your marriage was entered into in good faith and ended in divorce, annulment, or abuse.
SJKP LLP assists clients in preparing strong waiver petitions with proper documentation to protect their status.
Can I Apply for U.S. Citizenship After Getting My CR-1 Visa?<
Yes.
After successfully removing conditions and maintaining lawful residence for three years, while remaining married to your U.S. citizen spouse,
you become eligible to apply for U.S. citizenship (naturalization).
Our attorneys guide clients through every stage, from I-751 filing to Form N-400 preparation.
7. Why Choose SJKP LLP for CR-1 Visa Representation<
Experience. Empathy. Legal Excellence.
At SJKP LLP, we understand that a CR-1 visa is not just paperwork—it’s the legal bridge that unites families.
Our attorneys bring extensive experience in marriage-based immigration, handling everything from complex consular processing to I-751 waivers and appeals.
We ensure every petition is supported by solid evidence, consistent testimony, and full legal compliance.
Whether you’re preparing for your first interview or navigating conditional status removal, we stand with you at every stage—protecting your rights and your future in the United States.
SJKP LLP helps couples turn immigration challenges into lasting opportunities for stability and family unity.
The information provided in this article is for general informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. Reading or relying on the contents of this article does not create an attorney-client relationship with our firm. For advice regarding your specific situation, please consult a qualified attorney licensed in your jurisdiction.
Certain informational content on this website may utilize technology-assisted drafting tools and is subject to attorney review.

